Which therapy approach is primarily used in the treatment of anxiety disorders through gradual exposure to feared stimuli?

The selected answer pertains to Systematic Desensitization, which is a specific technique used to treat anxiety disorders by gradually exposing patients to feared stimuli in a controlled manner. This approach is rooted in classical conditioning principles, where the individual is first taught relaxation techniques to help control their anxiety. The therapist then creates a hierarchy of anxiety-inducing situations related to the feared stimuli, starting with the least anxiety-provoking scenario and gradually moving to more challenging situations as the individual becomes desensitized and learns to remain calm.

This technique is effective because it combines gradual exposure with relaxation strategies, enabling individuals to confront and eventually overcome their fears without overwhelming anxiety responses. Through repeated exposure, patients learn that the feared stimuli do not pose a real threat, leading to a significant reduction in anxiety symptoms.

While Exposure Therapy shares similarities with Systematic Desensitization, as it also involves gradual exposure, the latter specifically incorporates relaxation techniques and a more structured hierarchy of fears. Cognitive Therapy focuses on changing negative thought patterns rather than direct exposure to fears, while Humanistic Therapy emphasizes personal growth and self-actualization rather than behavioral exposure methods for anxiety management.