Which hormone and neurotransmitter is produced as part of the fight or flight response?

The hormone and neurotransmitter that is produced as part of the fight or flight response is adrenaline, also known as epinephrine. During a stressful situation, the body reacts by releasing adrenaline from the adrenal glands into the bloodstream. This response is critical for preparing the body to face perceived danger or to flee from it.

Adrenaline increases heart rate, elevates blood pressure, and boosts energy supplies, all of which are essential for optimal physical performance during stressful situations. It enhances the body’s ability to respond quickly, making it a vital component of the fight or flight mechanism.

While noradrenaline (norepinephrine) also plays a role in the body's response to stress, particularly in maintaining attention and focus, adrenaline is more prominent in the acute stress response. Cortisol, often referred to as the stress hormone, also participates in the body's response to prolonged stress rather than the immediate fight or flight reaction. Dopamine is primarily related to reward and pleasure systems rather than stress responses. Thus, adrenaline is the correct answer as it is directly linked to the classic fight or flight response.