What is a small scale version of an investigation that takes place before the main study?

A pilot study is a preliminary or small-scale version of an investigation that is conducted before the main study. The purpose of a pilot study is to test the feasibility, time, cost, risk, and adverse events involved in a specific research method. It allows researchers to identify any issues with their study design or methodology, making it possible to refine and improve the research plan before the larger study is implemented. This step is crucial for ensuring that the main investigation runs smoothly and yields reliable results.

In contrast, a case study focuses on an in-depth analysis of a single individual, group, or event, rather than serving as a prelude to a larger study. Longitudinal studies involve examining the same subjects over a prolonged period, which does not fit the definition of a preliminary investigation. Cross-sectional studies compare different groups at a single point in time, contrasting with the iterative nature of a pilot study that aims to enhance study design for future implementation.